自我管理教育在糖尿病视网膜病变患者中的应用观察(1)
【摘要】 目的：探討自我管理教育在糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy，DR)患者中的应用效果。方法：采用整群抽样法选取2018年1月-2019年1月本院眼科收治的100例DR患者，按照随机数字表法分为观察组(n=50)和对照组(n=50)。对照组给予常规护理管理方法，观察组在对照组的基础上给予自我管理教育，两组均干预6个月。比较两组干预前后空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、自我管理能力、糖尿病知识掌握情况及干预后DR进展程度。结果：干预后，两组FPG、HbA1c、LDL均低于干预前，且观察组均低于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后，两组HDL均高于干预前(P<0.05)，而两组比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预后，两组知识、态度、行为评分及自我管理总分均高于干预前，且观察组均明显高于对照组(P<0.05);干预后，两组糖尿病、高血压、高血脂、药物使用和一般知识评分均高于干预前，且观察组均明显高于对照组(P<0.05);干预后，观察组DR加重比例低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论：对DR患者进行自我管理教育，能有效提升其自我管理能力，控制患者血糖、血脂水平，降低DR的加重风险。
【关键词】 自我管理教育 糖尿病视网膜病变
[Abstract] Objective： To explore the effect of self-management education in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Method： A total of 100 patients with DR admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to January 2019 were selected by cluster sampling. According to the random number table method， they were divided into observation group (n=50) and control group (n=50). The control group was given routine nursing management methods， and the observation group was given self-management education on the basis of the control group， two groups were intervened for 6 months. Fasting blood glucose (FPG)， glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)， low-density lipoprotein (LDL)， high-density lipoprotein (HDL)， self-management ability， diabetes knowledge and DR progression after intervention were compared between the two groups before and after intervention. Result： After intervention， FPG， HbA1c and LDL in two groups were lower than those of before intervention， and the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). After intervention， HDL of two groups were higher than those of before intervention (P<0.05)， but there was no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). After intervention， scores of knowledge， attitude， behavior and total score of self-management in two groups were higher than those before intervention， and the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). After intervention， scores of diabetes， hypertension， hyperlipidemia， drug use and general knowledge in two groups were higher than those of before intervention， and the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). After intervention， the proportion of DR aggravation in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion： The self-management education for DR patients can effectively improve their self-management ability， control the level of blood glucose and blood lipid， and reduce the development risk of diabetic retinopathy., 百拇医药(张雪英 代蓉 黄冬兰 谭振琴 李瑜明 曹柳)
【关键词】 自我管理教育 糖尿病视网膜病变
[Abstract] Objective： To explore the effect of self-management education in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Method： A total of 100 patients with DR admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to January 2019 were selected by cluster sampling. According to the random number table method， they were divided into observation group (n=50) and control group (n=50). The control group was given routine nursing management methods， and the observation group was given self-management education on the basis of the control group， two groups were intervened for 6 months. Fasting blood glucose (FPG)， glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)， low-density lipoprotein (LDL)， high-density lipoprotein (HDL)， self-management ability， diabetes knowledge and DR progression after intervention were compared between the two groups before and after intervention. Result： After intervention， FPG， HbA1c and LDL in two groups were lower than those of before intervention， and the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). After intervention， HDL of two groups were higher than those of before intervention (P<0.05)， but there was no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). After intervention， scores of knowledge， attitude， behavior and total score of self-management in two groups were higher than those before intervention， and the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). After intervention， scores of diabetes， hypertension， hyperlipidemia， drug use and general knowledge in two groups were higher than those of before intervention， and the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). After intervention， the proportion of DR aggravation in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion： The self-management education for DR patients can effectively improve their self-management ability， control the level of blood glucose and blood lipid， and reduce the development risk of diabetic retinopathy., 百拇医药(张雪英 代蓉 黄冬兰 谭振琴 李瑜明 曹柳)