[摘要]肾癌是泌尿外科常见的恶性肿瘤，其发病机制复杂，临床无明显症状，多数肾癌患者检查时已确诊为晚期，手术治疗易出现复发转移。近年来随着医学技术的不断发展，免疫治疗在转移性肾癌治疗中已获得医学认可，其中免疫检查点抑制剂、肿瘤疫苗等已被广泛应用于转移性肾癌患者的预后治疗中，且具有良好的效果。因此，本文将综述免疫治疗在转移性肾癌中的应用和研究进展。

    [关键词]转移性肾癌;免疫治疗;免疫检查点抑制剂;肿瘤疫苗

    [中图分类号] R737.11 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2019)8(c)-0026-04

    [Abstract] Renal cancer is a common malignant tumor in department of urology， and its pathogenesis is complex and clinical symptoms are not obvious. Most patients with renal cancer have been diagnosed as advanced stage at the time of examination. Surgical treatment is prone to recurrence and metastasis. In recent years ......